Ọtụtụ mgbe, a na-emepụta isi ihe mkpuchi ahụ site na nhazi plastik oyi na-atụ, ma e jiri ya tụnyere nhazi ịkpụ, eriri ígwè (waya metal) n'ụdị ngwaahịa ahụ na-aga n'ihu, na-enweghị ịkpụ n'etiti, nke na-eme ka ike nke ngwaahịa dịkwuo mma, karịsịa magburu onwe n'ibu Properties.Oyi isiokwu akpụ usoro na-agụnye ịcha na akpụ, otu - pịa, abụọ - pịa oyi isiokwu na multi - ọnọdụ akpaka oyi heading.An akpaka oyi isiokwu igwe eji stamping, iwe, extruding na mbenata dayameta na ọtụtụ akpụ anwụ. .Simplex bit ma ọ bụ multi-ọdụ akpaka oyi isi igwe na-eji njirimara nhazi nke mbụ oghere bụ nke ihe onwunwe size 5 ka 6 mita ogologo mmanya ma ọ bụ arọ bụ 1900-2000 n'arọ nke size nke waya mkpanaka ígwè waya, nhazi. technology bụ e ji mara oyi isiokwu akpụ bụghị ịkpụ mpempe akwụkwọ oghere n'ọdịnihu, ma na-eji akpaka oyi isiokwu igwe n'onwe ya site mmanya na waya mkpanaka ígwè waya bee na-ewe iwe na oghere (ma ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa) .Tupu extrusion oghere, oghere ga- Enwere ike nweta oghere ahụ site n'ịkpụzi. Oghere ahụ adịghị mkpa ịkpụzi tupu iwe iwe, ibelata dayameta na ịpị. Mgbe a na-ebipụ oghere ahụ, a na-eziga ya na ọdụ ọrụ na-akpasu iwe. Ebe a nwere ike imeziwanye ogo nke oghere ahụ, belata. na-emepụta ike nke ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri na-esote site na 15-17%, na ịgbatị ndụ nke ebu ahụ. Ihe ziri ezi a na-enweta site na nhazi oyi na-ejikọta na nhọrọ nke usoro nhazi na usoro eji eme ihe. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, ọ na-adaberekwa na structural e ji mara ngwá na-eji, usoro e ji mara na ha ala, ngwá ọrụ nkenke, ndụ na-eyi degree.For elu alloy ígwè eji na oyi isiokwu na extrusion, na-arụ ọrụ n'elu roughness nke siri ike alloy anwụ ekwesịghị ịbụ Ra = 0.2um, mgbe arụ ọrụ n'elu roughness nke ndị dị otú ahụ anwụ ruru Ra = 0.025-0.050um, ọ nwere kacha ndụ.
A na-eji usoro oyi na-edozi eriri nke bolt, nke mere na screw oghere dị n'ime otu dayameta na-atụgharị site na efere eri (die), a na-emepụta eri ahụ site na nrụgide nke efere eri (die) . A naghị ebipụ eriri plastik nke eriri nke screw, ike na-abawanye, nkenke dị elu na ịdị mma dị n'otu. Iji mepụta eriri n'èzí dayameta nke ngwaahịa ikpeazụ, dayameta achọrọ nke oghere eri ahụ dị iche, n'ihi na ọ na-ejedebe site na nkenke eriri, ma ihe mkpuchi ihe na ihe ndị ọzọ. Rolling (roll) ịpị eriri bụ usoro nke ịmepụta ezé eri site na nrụrụ plastik. Rolling waya efere) anwụ, otu akụkụ extrude cylindrical shei, n'akụkụ nke ọzọ na-eme ka shei adiana, ikpeazụ Rolling anwụ na conical udi zigara shei, nke mere na eri akpụ.Rolling (rub) mgbali eri nhazi nkịtị pointing. bụ na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke Rolling revolution abụghị nke ukwuu, ma ọ bụrụ na ọ dị ukwuu, arụmọrụ dị ala, elu nke eri ezé dị mfe ịmepụta nkewa ma ọ bụ ihe na-adịghị mma phenomenon. dayameta dị mfe ida okirikiri, Rolling mgbali abnormal abawanye na mmalite ogbo, na-akpata shortened anwụ life.Common ntụpọ nke Rolling thread: some surface cracks or scratches on the thread; Disorderly buckle;The thread is out of roundness.If these ntụpọ na-eme na ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu, a ga-ahụ ha na nhazi nhazi. Ọ bụrụ na ọnụ ọgụgụ dị nta nke mmebi ndị a emee, usoro mmepụta agaghị achọpụta na ntụpọ ndị a ga-asọba na onye ọrụ, na-akpata nsogbu. Ya mere, isi okwu nke ọnọdụ nhazi kwesịrị ekwesị. a ga-achịkọta iji chịkwaa isi ihe ndị a na usoro mmepụta.
Elu ike fasteners ga-ewe iwe na iwe dị ka teknuzu chọrọ.The nzube nke okpomọkụ ọgwụgwọ na tempering bụ melite keukwu n'ibu Njirimara nke fasteners izute kpọmkwem tensile ike uru na ekwe ike ratio.Heat ọgwụgwọ nkà na ụzụ nwere mmetụta dị oké mkpa na. esịtidem àgwà nke elu-ike fasteners, karịsịa ya esịtidem àgwà. Ya mere, iji mepụta ihe nkedo dị elu nke dị elu, ọ dị mkpa ịnweta ngwá ọrụ nkà na ụzụ okpomọkụ dị elu.Due n'ihi nnukwu mmepụta ike na ọnụ ala dị elu nke bolts dị elu, yana usoro dị mma na nke ziri ezi. eriri ịghasa, a na-achọ ngwá ọrụ ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ ka ọ nwee nnukwu mmepụta ikike, ogo dị elu nke akpaaka na àgwà dị mma nke ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ.Ebe ọ bụ na 1990s, usoro mmepụta ihe ọkụkụ na-aga n'ihu na-ekpo ọkụ na ikuku nchebe nọ n'ọnọdụ kachasị elu. The ujo-ala ụdị na net-belt ọkụ bụ karịsịa adabara okpomọkụ ọgwụgwọ na tempering nke obere na-ajụ-sized fasteners.Tempering akara ma e wezụga ọkụ akara arụmọrụ dị mma, ma nwere elu ikuku, okpomọkụ, na usoro parameters nke. njikwa kọmputa, akụrụngwa ọdịda mkpu na ngosi ọrụ.A na-arụ ọrụ ngwa ngwa siri ike na-akpaghị aka site na nri - nhicha - kpo oku - quenching - ihicha - tempering - agba na offline akara, n'ụzọ dị irè n'ịhụ na àgwà nke okpomọkụ ọgwụgwọ.The decarburization nke ịghasa eri. ga-eme ka fastener na-ejegharị mbụ mgbe ọ na-ada izute ndị na-eguzogide nke n'ibu arụmọrụ chọrọ, nke ga-eme ka ịghasa fastener hapụ ịdị irè na-ebelata ọrụ ndụ. N'ihi na raw material decarbonization, ma ọ bụrụ na annealing na-adịghị kwesịrị ekwesị, ga-eme ka raw material decarbonization Layer deepened.During the quenching and tempering heat treatment, ụfọdụ oxidizing gas na-emekarị wetara si n'èzí ọkụ. The nchara nke mmanya ígwè waya ma ọ bụ ihe fọdụrụnụ na waya waya mgbe oyi ịbịaru ga-decompose mgbe kpo oku na ọkụ ọkụ. , na-amụba ụfọdụ oxidizing gas. Steel waya elu nchara, dị ka ihe atụ, ọ bụ nke ígwè carbonate na hydroxide, mgbe okpomọkụ ga-agbajikwa n'ime CO ₂ na H ₂ O, si otú a gravating na decarburization.The results na-egosi na decarburization ogo. nke ọkara carbon alloy ígwè dị njọ karịa nke carbon ígwè, na ngwa ngwa decarburization okpomọkụ dị n'etiti 700 na 800 degrees Celsius. N'ihi na mgbakwunye na elu nke ígwè waya decomposes na-ejikọta n'ime carbon dioxide na mmiri na ngwa ngwa ọsọ n'okpuru ụfọdụ. ọnọdụ, ma ọ bụrụ na-aga n'ihu ntupu eriri ọkụ gas akara bụ ihe kwesịrị ekwesị, ga-emekwa ka ịghasa decarbonization error.Mgbe a elu-ike bolt bụ oyi gawa, na akụrụngwa na annealed decarburizing oyi akwa bụghị nanị ka dị, ma extruded ka n'elu eri, n'ihi na mbelata n'ibu Njirimara (karịsịa ike na abrasion eguzogide) n'ihi na elu nke fasteners na mkpa ka obi sie.Na mgbakwunye, n'elu decarburization nke ígwè waya, elu na esịtidem nzukọ dị iche iche na nwere dị iche iche mgbasa ọnụọgụ, quenching nwere ike na-emepụta elu cracks. Ya mere, iji chebe eri na n'elu nke decarburization na okpomọkụ quenching, ma n'ihi na akụrụngwa e moderately ntekwasa carbon decarburization nke fasteners, tụgharịa uru nke ntupu eriri ọkụ ọkụ na-echebe ikuku na isi hà nhata. na mbụ carbon ọdịnaya na carbon mkpuchi akụkụ, ama decarburization fasteners ji nwayọọ nwayọọ laghachi na mbụ carbon ọdịnaya, carbon ikike atọrọ na 0,42% 0,48% amamihe, nanotubes na quenching kpo oku okpomọkụ, otu enweghị ike n'okpuru elu okpomọkụ, iji zere keadighi rarii. ọka, na-emetụta n'ibu Properties.The isi àgwà nke fasteners na quenching na quenching usoro bụ: quenching hardness bụ ezughi oke;Uneven hardening hardness;Quenching deformation overshoot;Quenching cracking.Nsogbu ndị dị otú ahụ n'ọhịa na-emekarị metụtara akụrụngwa, quenching kpo oku. na quenching jụrụ. Nhazi ziri ezi nke usoro ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ na nhazi nke usoro ọrụ mmepụta ihe nwere ike na-ezere ụdị ihe mberede dị mma.
Oge nzipu: Mee-31-2019